History, purpose and benefits of computer networks

What is the history, purpose and benefits of computer networks :
1. History of Computer Networking

- Era 1950-an

• The era of technological development of electronic computer (UNIVAC, PilotAce, IBM 701, etc.).
• Super Computer
• A computer
• be able to serve
• some terminal

- The concept of distribution of time-based process known as TSS (Time Sharing System)

• For the first time, forming a network (network) computers on the application layer
• Some of the terminal connected to a host computer.
• The combination of computer technology and telecommunications technology.

- In 1957 the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was established by the Department of Defense (DoD) USA

• 1967 the initial design of the ARPANET published
• 1969 DoD staged development of the ARPANET to conduct research to connect multiple computers to form an organic network (the program is known as the ARPANET).

2. Objectives and Benefits of Computer Networks

- Benefits for the user's computer networks are grouped into two categories, namely:

• to the needs of the company
• the network to the public

- Objectives and Benefits for Companies

• Resource sharing is intended to make the entire program, the equipment, especially the data can be used by everyone on the network.
• Saving Money (Saving money / budget): The device and the data can be shared will make substantial budget savings, because it does not need to buy new devices to be installed in each and every computer unit
• High reliability (high reliability): Integrated Management Information System Office or the One-Stop Service System with client-server technology, Internet and intranet can be applied to computer networks, so that it can provide a reliable, fast and accurate according to the needs and expectations.

- Objectives and Benefits for Public

• There are three things that form the main attraction on the computer network of individuals, namely:

1. Access to information residing elsewhere (eg, access to the latest news, info e-government, e-commerce / e-business, everything is up to date).
2. Person to person communication (like e-mail, chat, video conferene etc.).
3. Interactive entertainment (like watching tv shows online, streaming radio, download movies or songs, etc.).